Why Are Loan Modifications so Rare, Despite so Many in the Process?

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For mortgage lenders, there is every incentive to negotiate with homeowners for a mortgage modification or other solution that will prevent foreclosure. Thus, the very few number of borrowers who end up receiving any
 help should surprise everyone. If banks and servicers have so many reasons to offer loss mitigation options to homeowners, why do so few of them end up with a reasonable plan to save their homes?

In many cases, the pooling and servicing agreements (PSA) that cover mortgage securities and the servicing of payments require companies administering loans to engage in loss mitigation. Furthermore, the negotiations have to be meaningful, as foreclosure of the property should only be used as a last resort and should be avoided unless there really are no other options. But servicers often engage in entirely worthless negotiations.

In fact, a large and increasing number of loans are covered by such requirements to engage in meaningful negotiations with borrowers in default. The following is a list of mortgages that should be mitigated:

  • FHA loans
  • Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac loans
  • Loans where mitigation is required under the PSA
  • Lenders which took bailout money under the Financial Stability Act


The fact that so few homeowners end up with any reasonable solution to repay their loans, even when they are financial able to do so, indicates that servicing companies are either negligent or malicious in continuing to pursue foreclosure in some cases.

Banks and servicing companies also change the guidelines for a completed loss mitigation package from week to week, it seems. There is always someone else who has to be sent the paperwork, a new fax number for the loss mitigation department, a lawyer who has to be contacted for updated numbers, and so on. What homeowners go through just to ensure their package of personal financial documents has been received by the lender is often an exercise in patience and frustration.

 
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